Evolution in size and structural order for incipient soot formed at flame temperatures greater than 2100 K

Soot formed in flames hotter than conventional combustion applications is expected to undergo unique formation processes and develop a carbon structure distinct from typical soot. A complementary experimental modeling approach reported here assess flame temperature equivalence ratio effects for soot the higher-temperature regime (1950 K < Tf 2250 K). Computations using three separate chemistry models show that predictions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentration profiles are more sensitive choice mechanism rather specific conditions. As material properties, Raman signatures transition spectrum features observed disordered sp2 materials. The defect distance extracted bands nearly doubles values typically as exceeds 2200 K. Higher concentrations gas-phase precursors may facilitate development an ordered indicated by relatively high highest series. Particle size distributions measured mobility sizing yield decreases with increasing bimodal distribution falls within ultra-fine range all This especially promising if significant transformation inferred evolution spectra enables functional high-surface area Namely, current observations indicate flame-formed evolves towards high-defect can be tuned some extent.